{"id":162790,"date":"2018-08-31T15:18:03","date_gmt":"2018-08-31T08:18:03","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.chudu24.com\/thongtindulich\/?p=162790"},"modified":"2018-09-02T15:24:31","modified_gmt":"2018-09-02T08:24:31","slug":"nha-tho-duc-ba-paris-kiet-tac-kien-truc-gothic","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.chudu24.com\/thongtindulich\/2018\/08\/31\/nha-tho-duc-ba-paris-kiet-tac-kien-truc-gothic\/","title":{"rendered":"Nh\u00e0 th\u1edd \u0110\u1ee9c b\u00e0 Paris – ki\u1ec7t t\u00e1c ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac Gothic"},"content":{"rendered":"

(Du l\u1ecbch ch\u00e2u \u00c2u<\/a><\/strong>) Nh\u00e0 th\u1edd \u0110\u1ee9c b\u00e0 Paris l\u00e0 nh\u00e0 th\u1edd n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng nh\u1ea5t th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi b\u1edfi n\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ki\u1ec7t t\u00e1c ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac Gothic khi\u1ebfn bao ng\u01b0\u1eddi ng\u01b0\u1eddi ng\u01b0\u1ee1ng m\u1ed9.<\/p>\n

V\u1ecb tr\u00ed t\u1ecda l\u1ea1c c\u1ee7a Nh\u00e0 th\u1edd \u0110\u1ee9c b\u00e0 Paris<\/strong><\/p>\n

Nh\u00e0 th\u1edd \u0110\u1ee9c b\u00e0 Paris n\u1eb1m tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ea3o \u00cele de la Cit\u00e9, m\u1ed9t h\u00f2n \u0111\u1ea3o nh\u1ecf n\u1eb1m gi\u1eefa d\u00f2ng s\u00f4ng Seine \u1edf trung t\u00e2m th\u1ee7 \u0111\u00f4 n\u01b0\u1edbc Ph\u00e1p.<\/p>\n

Khu v\u1ef1c Nh\u00e0 th\u1edd \u0110\u1ee9c b\u00e0 Paris t\u1ecda l\u1ea1c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c coi l\u00e0 c\u00e1i n\u00f4i c\u1ee7a Paris v\u00e0 cho \u0111\u1ebfn nay v\u1eabn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u00ecn nh\u1eadn nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 trung t\u00e2m t\u00f4n gi\u00e1o c\u1ee7a th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1. T\u1ea1i \u0111\u00e2y, ng\u01b0\u1eddi Xen-t\u01a1 c\u00f3 khu v\u1ef1c linh thi\u00eang c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh, ng\u01b0\u1eddi La M\u00e3 th\u00ec x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ec1n th\u1edd th\u1ea7n Jupiter. V\u00e0 c\u0169ng \u1edf n\u01a1i \u0111\u00e2y, m\u1ed9t nh\u00e0 th\u1edd Thi\u00ean ch\u00faa \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e2y v\u00e0o th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 16. Ngo\u00e0i ra, c\u00f2n c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t nh\u00e0 th\u1edd ki\u1ec3u Roman \u2013 c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh t\u00f4n gi\u00e1o cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi Nh\u00e0 th\u1edd \u0110\u1ee9c b\u00e0 Paris ra \u0111\u1eddi.<\/p>\n

\"Du
Nh\u00e0 th\u1edd \u0110\u1ee9c b\u00e0 Paris \u1edf th\u1ee7 \u0111\u00f4 n\u01b0\u1edbc Ph\u00e1p<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

Ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac Nh\u00e0 th\u1edd \u0110\u1ee9c b\u00e0 Paris<\/strong><\/p>\n

Gi\u00e1m m\u1ee5c Maurice de Sully b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u cho x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng Nh\u00e0 th\u1edd \u0110\u1ee9c b\u00e0 Paris n\u00e0y v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1163 theo phong c\u00e1ch Gothic m\u1edbi v\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i ph\u1ea3n \u00e1nh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u1ecb th\u1ebf c\u1ee7a Paris l\u00e0 th\u1ee7 \u0111\u00f4 c\u1ee7a Ph\u00e1p. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 nh\u00e0 th\u1edd \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng theo quy m\u00f4 ho\u00e0nh tr\u00e1ng v\u00e0 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh ki\u1ec3u m\u1eabu cho c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 th\u1edd sau n\u00e0y \u1edf Ph\u00e1p nh\u01b0 nh\u00e0 th\u1edd Amiens, Chartres or Rheims.<\/p>\n

\"\"
Nh\u00e0 th\u1edd \u0110\u1ee9c b\u00e0 Paris l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ki\u1ec7t t\u00e1c ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac Gothic<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

Tuy nhi\u00ean, ph\u1ea3i m\u00e3i \u0111\u1ebfn n\u0103m 1345, t\u1ee9c g\u1ea7n 200 n\u0103m sau, nh\u00e0 th\u1edd m\u1edbi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh, m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n l\u00e0 do ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng ra trong su\u1ed1t qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng. K\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ed3 s\u1ed9 ra \u0111\u1eddi v\u1edbi chi\u1ec1u d\u00e0i 128 m v\u00e0 chi\u1ec1u cao 69m. Ngo\u00e0i ra, v\u00e0o th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 19, m\u1ed9t ng\u1ecdn th\u00e1p cao t\u1edbi 90m \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e2y th\u00eam v\u00e0o khi ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac s\u01b0 Viollet-le-Duc ph\u1ee5 tr\u00e1ch vi\u1ec7c tu s\u1eeda Nh\u00e0 th\u1edd n\u00e0y. Nh\u00e0 th\u1edd \u0110\u1ee9c b\u00e0 Paris c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 c\u1eeda s\u1ed5 h\u00ecnh hoa h\u1ed3ng r\u1ea5t to. C\u1eeda s\u1ed5 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e2y v\u00e0o th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 13 \u1edf ph\u00eda B\u1eafc l\u00e0 \u1ea5n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng nh\u1ea5t. C\u1eeda s\u1ed5 n\u00e0y c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng k\u00ednh 13,1m.<\/p>\n

M\u1eb7t ti\u1ec1n ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a Nh\u00e0 th\u1edd \u0110\u1ee9c b\u00e0 Paris \u1edf h\u01b0\u1edbng t\u00e2y v\u00e0 c\u00f3 3 c\u1ed5ng l\u1edbn. Ph\u00eda tr\u00ean c\u1ed5ng l\u00e0 28 b\u1ee9c t\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c vua x\u1ee9 Judah \u2013 v\u00e0 l\u00ean cao n\u1eefa l\u00e0 c\u00e1c mi\u1ec7ng m\u00e1ng x\u1ed1i tho\u00e1t n\u01b0\u1edbc h\u00ecnh th\u00fa. Nh\u1eefng cu\u1ed1n bay (c\u1ed9t tr\u1ee5 v\u00f2ng cung \u00e1p t\u01b0\u1eddng) \u0111\u1eb9p m\u1eaft \u1edf ph\u00eda \u0111\u00f4ng c\u1ee7a to\u00e0 nh\u00e0 tr\u1ea3i r\u1ed9ng t\u1edbi 15m.<\/p>\n

\"\"
B\u00ean trong Nh\u00e0 th\u1edd \u0110\u1ee9c b\u00e0 Paris<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

Trong th\u1eddi gian di\u1ec5n ra Cu\u1ed9c C\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng Ph\u00e1p 1789, nhi\u1ec1u ph\u1ea7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111i\u00eau kh\u1eafc, mi\u1ec7ng m\u00e1ng x\u1ed1i h\u00ecnh th\u00fa v\u00e0 n\u1ed9i th\u1ea5t b\u00ean trong Nh\u00e0 th\u1edd \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecb th\u00e1o b\u1ecf v\u00e0 ph\u00e1 hu\u1ef7. Th\u1eadm ch\u00ed nh\u1eefng b\u1ee9c t\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u00e1c vua x\u1ee9 Judah c\u0169ng b\u1ecb ph\u00e1 hu\u1ef7 nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng v\u00ec nh\u1eefng nh\u00e0 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng \u0111\u00e3 nh\u1ea7m l\u1eabn nh\u1eefng b\u1ee9c t\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u00e0y hi\u1ec7n th\u00e2n cho c\u00e1c v\u1ecb vua Ph\u00e1p ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 c\u00e1c v\u1ecb vua trong kinh th\u00e1nh.<\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ebfn th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 19, Nh\u00e0 th\u1edd \u0110\u1ee9c b\u00e0 Paris m\u1edbi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c kh\u00f4i ph\u1ee5c ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n, m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n nh\u1edd c\u00f4ng c\u1ee7a nh\u00e0 v\u0103n Victor Hugo. \u00d4ng \u0111\u00e3 vi\u1ebft cu\u1ed1n s\u00e1ch \u201cTh\u1eb1ng g\u00f9 Nh\u00e0 th\u1edd \u0110\u1ee9c b\u00e0\u201d, gi\u00fap cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n Paris nh\u1eadn ra Nh\u00e0 th\u1edd n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u00ecn gi\u1eef, b\u1ea3o t\u1ed3n. Vi\u1ec7c tr\u00f9ng tu n\u00e0y k\u00e9o d\u00e0i t\u1edbi 20 n\u0103m, do ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac s\u01b0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ea3n x\u1ee9 Eug\u00e8ne Emmanuel Viollet-le-Duc th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n. Viollet-le-Duc \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng s\u1eeda ch\u1eefa v\u00e0 tu b\u1ed5 m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd v\u00e0 g\u00e2y tranh c\u00e3i, th\u1eadm ch\u00ed \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 th\u00eam v\u00e0o m\u1ed9t ng\u1ecdn th\u00e1p cao v\u00fat. Sau \u0111\u00f3, Nh\u00e0 th\u1edd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c kh\u00f4i ph\u1ee5c l\u1ea7n n\u1eefa trong th\u1eddi gian 1991-2001. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 giai \u0111o\u1ea1n ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac l\u1ecbch s\u1eed n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ea3o t\u1ed3n r\u1ea5t c\u1ea9n th\u1eadn.<\/p>\n

\"\"
Mi\u1ec7ng m\u00e1ng x\u1ed1i tho\u00e1t n\u01b0\u1edbc h\u00ecnh th\u00fa \u1edf Nh\u00e0 th\u1edd \u0110\u1ee9c b\u00e0 Paris<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

L\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ki\u1ec7t t\u00e1c ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac Gothic, Nh\u00e0 th\u1edd \u0110\u1ee9c b\u00e0 Paris l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec3m du kh\u00e1ch kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 b\u1ecf qua khi \u0111\u1ebfn th\u1ee7 \u0111\u00f4 n\u01b0\u1edbc Ph\u00e1p.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

(Du l\u1ecbch ch\u00e2u \u00c2u) Nh\u00e0 th\u1edd \u0110\u1ee9c b\u00e0 Paris l\u00e0 nh\u00e0 th\u1edd n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng nh\u1ea5t th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi b\u1edfi n\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ki\u1ec7t t\u00e1c ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac Gothic khi\u1ebfn bao ng\u01b0\u1eddi ng\u01b0\u1eddi ng\u01b0\u1ee1ng m\u1ed9. V\u1ecb tr\u00ed t\u1ecda l\u1ea1c c\u1ee7a Nh\u00e0 th\u1edd \u0110\u1ee9c b\u00e0 Paris Nh\u00e0 th\u1edd \u0110\u1ee9c b\u00e0 Paris n\u1eb1m tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ea3o \u00cele de la Cit\u00e9, m\u1ed9t […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":8,"featured_media":162795,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[8690,145],"tags":[1097,11470],"class_list":["post-162790","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-du-lich-chau-au","category-nuoc-ngoai","tag-du-lich-chau-au","tag-nha-tho-duc-ba-paris"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.chudu24.com\/thongtindulich\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/162790","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.chudu24.com\/thongtindulich\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.chudu24.com\/thongtindulich\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.chudu24.com\/thongtindulich\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/8"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.chudu24.com\/thongtindulich\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=162790"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.chudu24.com\/thongtindulich\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/162790\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":162796,"href":"https:\/\/www.chudu24.com\/thongtindulich\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/162790\/revisions\/162796"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.chudu24.com\/thongtindulich\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/162795"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.chudu24.com\/thongtindulich\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=162790"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.chudu24.com\/thongtindulich\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=162790"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.chudu24.com\/thongtindulich\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=162790"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}